# Sanitary Napkin Raw Materials: Composition and Sources
## Understanding the Basics of Sanitary Napkin Production
Sanitary napkins, an essential feminine hygiene product, are composed of various raw materials that work together to provide comfort, absorption, and protection. The manufacturing process carefully combines these components to create a product that meets women’s needs during menstruation.
## Core Components of Sanitary Napkins
### 1. Top Sheet (Cover Stock)
The top layer that comes in direct contact with the skin is typically made from:
– Non-woven polypropylene
– Perforated film
– Cotton or cotton blends
This layer needs to be soft, breathable, and quick-drying to maintain comfort.
Keyword: sanitary napkin raw materials
### 2. Absorbent Core
The heart of the sanitary napkin consists of:
– Fluff pulp (wood pulp)
– Superabsorbent polymers (SAP)
– Sometimes includes cotton or rayon fibers
This combination provides the primary absorption capacity for menstrual flow.
### 3. Back Sheet
The waterproof bottom layer is usually composed of:
– Polyethylene film
– Breathable microporous films
– Sometimes fabric-like materials for premium products
This layer prevents leakage while allowing some breathability.
### 4. Adhesive Components
– Pressure-sensitive adhesive for panty attachment
– Release paper to protect the adhesive before use
## Natural vs. Synthetic Materials
Manufacturers use both natural and synthetic materials:
Natural Materials | Synthetic Materials
Organic cotton | Polypropylene
Bamboo fiber | Polyethylene
Wood pulp | Superabsorbent polymers
Corn starch (in some biodegradable options) | Synthetic adhesives
## Sourcing of Raw Materials
The global supply chain for sanitary napkin materials is extensive:
– Wood pulp primarily comes from sustainable forestry operations in North America, Scandinavia, and South America
– Superabsorbent polymers are typically manufactured by chemical companies in Asia, Europe, and North America
– Non-woven materials are produced in specialized textile facilities worldwide
– Cotton is sourced from major cotton-producing countries like India, the United States, and China
## Environmental Considerations
With growing environmental awareness, manufacturers are exploring:
– Biodegradable materials like bamboo and corn starch
– Chlorine-free bleaching processes
– Reduced plastic content
– Recyclable components
The industry continues to innovate with more sustainable material options while maintaining product performance and safety standards.
